What are the t wave abnormality causes?

T wave abnormalities on an ECG can result from a variety of cardiac and non-cardiac conditions. Common causes include myocardial ischemia or infarction, which often produce inverted or peaked T waves. Electrolyte imbalances, particularly involving potassium (e.g., hyperkalemia or hypokalemia), can significantly alter T wave morphology. Other causes include pericarditis, myocarditis, left ventricular hypertrophy, and the effects of medications such as digitalis. Neurological events like subarachnoid hemorrhage may also lead to abnormal T waves. Additionally, bundle branch blocks or pre-excitation syndromes can cause secondary T wave changes. It’s crucial to interpret abnormalities in the context of clinical history and other ECG findings.